TECHNOLOGY AND SPORTS
Sport science is also an ill-defined field that has been institutionalized in recent decades. Departments and even specialist colleges have been set up to train sports-related specialists and establish advanced research programs in a wide variety of fields, including (but not limited to) anatomy, biochemistry, biomechanics, performance measurement, neuroscience, psychology, economics, sports medicine and fitness, coaching, talent recognition, kinanthropometry, sport management and other interdisciplinary backgrounds.
The European College of Sport Sciences (ECSS), established in 1995, sees sport science as an integrator of the awareness of human movements gained in all these disciplines and sub-disciplines (Loland, 2013). The quest for minimal concepts that describe the greatest number of phenomena is an implied objective of all sciences. In fact, the practice of “integration” was responsible for major advancements. For example, Newton unified phenomena such as celestial mechanics, earth tides, and falling bodies to establish the law of universal gravitation.
Maxwell also brought together the seemingly different phenomenon of light, electricity and magnetism into a single electromagnetic theory. Einstein unified the notions of space, time, matter, energy and gravity into an even more general theory, and initiated a program of unifying the basic forces of nature in a framework known today as the “Great Unified Theory” (GUT).